5th December, 2018
More than 700,000 undocumented Afghans have returned from Iran this year as the Iranian economy tightens, with a knock-on effect on the Afghan economy, according to data from the UN’s migration agency.
In a report covering the period up to Dec. 1, the International Organisation for Migration said a total of 752,325 Afghans had returned from Iran and Pakistan, including 721,633 from Iran.
“Undocumented returns from Iran, in particular, are seeing a massive increase over previous years, largely driven by recent political and economic issues in Iran including massive currency devaluation,” the IOM report said.
Demand for Afghan labour in Iran’s informal economy had drastically fallen, it added.
“As all Afghans typically send home their earnings in the form of monthly remittances, the Afghan economy itself, already evident in the drought-affected provinces of Herat, Badghis and Ghor, is suffering direct and immediate effects.”
Iranian media reports say many of the Afghans had returned or were seeking to enter Turkey to reach Europe after the fall of the Iranian currency, which has lost about 70 per cent of its value this year.
Iran emerged in early 2016 from years of global sanctions under a deal with world powers that curbed its disputed nuclear programme.
But U.S. President Donald Trump withdrew the U.S. from the deal in May, calling it flawed to Iran’s advantage, and reimposed far-reaching U.S. sanctions in phases, with the most damaging oil and banking penalties taking effect on Nov. 5.
Jan Egeland, head of the Norwegian Refugee Council, said that increasing U.S. pressure on Iran would cause problems for Afghanistan.
“The Trump sanctions will put the Iranian economy into a void and is doing that.
“The people, who will first lose a grip on their existence are the Afghan registered and unregistered refugees and migrants,” he said.
In November, the top UN humanitarian official in Afghanistan, Toby Lanzer, said in Geneva that the UN had expected up to 700,000 Afghans.